History

Secondary education streams:
Literature, Scientific
History (derived from Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía) 'inquiry; knowledge acquired by investigation') is the systematic study and documentation of the human past. History is an academic discipline which uses a narrative to describe, examine, question, and analyse past events, and investigate their patterns of cause and effect. Historians debate which narrative best explains an event, as well as the significance of different causes and effects. Historians debate the nature of history as an end in itself, and its usefulness in giving perspective on the problems of the present. The period of events before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts or traditional oral histories, art and material artefacts, and ecological markers. Stories common to a particular culture, but not supported by external sources (such as the tales surrounding King Arthur), are usually classified as cultural heritage or legends. History differs from myth in that it is supported by verifiable evidence. However, ancient cultural influences have helped create variant interpretations of the nature of history, which have evolved over the centuries and continue to change today. The modern study of history is wide-ranging, and includes the study of specific regions and certain topical or thematic elements of historical investigation. History is taught as a part of primary and secondary education, and the academic study of history is a major discipline in universities. Herodotus, a 5th-century BCE Greek historian, is often considered the "father of history", as one of the first historians in the Western tradition, though he has been criticized as the "father of lies". Along with his contemporary Thucydides, he helped form the foundations for the modern study of past events and societies. Their works continue to be read today, and the gap between the culture-focused Herodotus and the military-focused Thucydides remains a point of contention or approach in modern historical writing. In East Asia a state chronicle, the Spring and Autumn Annals, was reputed to date from as early as 722 BCE, though only 2nd-century BCE texts have survived. The title "father of history" has also been attributed, in their respective societies, to Sima Qian, Ibn Khaldun, and Kenneth Dike. ..More on Wikipedia

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Universities with the lowest accepted score to the program Scientific Scientific/Math Literature
Ain Shams University 314.0 360.0
Alexandria University 310.0 350.5
The American University in Cairo
Assiut University 283.5 327.0
Tanta University 299.5
Zagazig University 316.5 344.0
Helwan University 301.0
Minia University 282.5 326.0
Menofia University 301.5 343.5
Suez Canal University 290.0 341.5
South Valley University 290.0 328.0
Benha University
Beni Suef University 288.0 329.0
Kafrelsheikh University 296.5 339.0
Sohag University 279.0 324.5
Port Said University 297.5 354.0
Damanhour University 296.0 334.0
Aswan University 288.0 333.5
Damietta University 285.5 334.5
Suez University 292.0 338.5
The New Valley University 281.0
Mansoura University 321.0 346.5

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